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Some Methods of Memorizing
English Words for Middle School Students
Abstract The amount of vocabulary has a direct effect on the improvement
of students English ability. Because of lacking of language environment, students generally feel that it is difficult to memorize words. Focusing on the problems, the author puts forward the effective methods of memorizing words of middle school students through analyzing the disadvantages of the traditional vocabulary teaching. These effective memorizing methods motivate students learning interest and improve students learning efficiency. Thus, how to enable students to be effective and positive remembering words and enlarge their vocabulary becomes the most important thing.
Key words memorizing words; method; English teaching
1. Introduction
Having a large number of vocabulary is one of the keys to learn English. But the vocabulary is difficult for students to learn language. In terms of teaching, how to improve students word memory will become the most important things in English teaching. And according to the students psychological characteristics, teachers can not only train students ability about word memory and they can use the scientific methods and techniques to improve their English vocabulary learning efficiency, but also focus on teaching strategies. So that vocabulary teaching has become more vivid and makes students understand and remember vocabularies easily. Therefore, learning English can be more relaxed, and these methods can stimulate interest in study.
2. The Problem of Students Memorizing Vocabulary
2.1 The neglect of students understanding ability
An English word may have some different kinds of meanings. Since a word can be used in different situation, its meaning changes from time to time. In English vocabulary teaching, some teachers only teach the concept meaning, not the other meaning in the English lesson. As a result, the students are not able to understand the whole meaning of the word. Thus, when the word is appeared in another context, they cannot understand it well enough. Some teachers ignore the presentation; the presentation can affect the students understanding and the use of the word.
2.2 The unconscious memory of words
Many students are not strong about the word memories. It is difficult for them to expand vocabulary. The reason is not that they do not study hard, but they dont have
a better way to learn and memorize words. Some students only depend on rote, and they feel tired and cannot remember words well. However, students dont use words accurately. With the advancement of the lesson, students need to memorize and master more and more words. Accordingly the rote method will make a lot of students get embarrassed burden. And before long the students will lose interest in learning English. Once they lack of interest, they will not read and memorize the words any more.Therefore, possessing effective ways to read and memorize words is very important for students to learn English. And during my practice, from those poor students, I found that their English performance formed a chain in the learning process when they lost their interest to learn English, such as not a good learning method----they are very tired----they refuse to exercise----the poor academic performance in English.(Xie Jun, 2001)
2.3 The disadvantages of several traditional vocabulary teaching method
The traditional vocabulary teaching is lack of scientific method in vocabulary teaching. On the one hand, it lets students memorize English words in isolation. On the other hand, it seldom links the vocabulary teaching to the students linguistic competence and their actual needs. It is boring and tiresome to students. Whats more, the traditional vocabulary teaching is failing to follow the memory rule.
There are two types of memory process, one is short-term memory, and the other one is long-term memory. Short-term memory means that the store of input only stay in your memory temporarily; while the long-term memory means in the store of input can stay in your memory for more than 10 days, even for the whole life(ZhouNing zuo 1991:91).
As a matter of fact, memory process is a recycling process. According to the survey of linguist called Felicity ODell, the more times the word is used, the better you remember it. (Felicity ODell, 1986). But there are still many teachers emphasizing the function of short-memory. They seem to care about the amount of vocabulary input than those actually staying in students memory.
Students are forced to remember a large amount of vocabularies in this way, and they are treated as if they were criminals. In appearance they take in thousands of new
words, but in practice only a few which are frequently used really stay in their store and can be put to use it. However, students remember little word. Many teachers always put all the blame to the students laziness. And they explain for themselves that those students are too lazy to enlarge vocabularies.
In addition, there might be some teachers seeing the long-term memory rule. However, they were never succeeding in applying the memory rule in classroom. The claim is that the time of the each period of class is limited so that they cant spend so much time on the repetition of vocabulary teaching.
As far as I know, I dont think their excuses make any sense. Thus, it is not only making students tired, but also cannot help students enlarge vocabulary.
3. Some Methods of Memorizing English Words
3.1 Memorizing words in grouping
In middle school, many textbooks present vocabulary items in random order. Some books have alphabetical lists of new words. In any case, new words may go a step further grouped to point out similarities and differences among them. Such as bright students do this automatically, but some time the slower students run into difficulty precisely, because they dont notice the obvious grouping.However, the teacher can prepare expositions of group words for helping students to remember the words easily and quickly.Such as :Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and so forth. Using the method, it can help students to memorize words. And more examples are as the following.
A. Nouns: nouns can be grouped in families.
a. Fruits: orange, banana, apple, melon, lemon and so on.
b. color: red, green, yellow, blue, pink, black and so on.
B. Verbs: verbs can be grouped by its usage and collocation
a. enjoy, avoid, finish+doing.
b. go. v;
go about: perform.
go for: attack.
go against for: oppose.
We can memorize the phrase about the word go by comparing their difference.
C. Adjectives: adjectives can be grouped in terms of the way they are used. -ful: wonderful, beautiful, and useful
-ive: active, passive, comparative
-ous: famous, generous, and dangerous
According to memorizing words in grouping, it is easy for students to remember words in learning English.
3.2 Memorizing words in association
In Soviet Union, the famous physiologist Pavlov said: memory to rely on the association, their association is the basis of memory (LuXiaoli, 2008, 6). Imaginative memory word is the full use of divergent thinking to start their association. They could learn a word associating with other words.Through the method, it will make students memorize words and students wont forget it easily.
3.2.1 Natural concept association
The human brain is easy to engender association. Using the rule, teachers can guide and help students learn vocabulary by linking it. In nature imagination, it not only gives top priority to receive, but also help students improve the ability of memory. Such as the nature association, when you see a pencil you are very easy to remember the eraser. In addition, when you are playing ball, you caemember some words. Such as ball, (play) football, playground. Therefore, the students can
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发表于 2019-9-13 23:46:11