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篇一:2012张剑考研英语模拟题及答案
【2012考研必备资料】张剑考研英语模拟题
第二套试题
Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Valentine’s Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalia. __1__ the fierce wolves roamed nearby, the old Romans called __2__ the god Lupercus to help them. A festival in his __3__ was held on February 15th. On the eve of the festival the __4__ of the girls were written on __5__ of paper and placed in jars. Each young man __6__ a slip. The girl whose name was __7__ was to be his sweetheart for the year.
Legend __8__ it that the holiday became Valentine’s Day __9__ a Roman priest named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II __10__ the Roman soldiers NOT to marry or become engaged. Claudius felt married soldiers would __11__ stay home than fight. When Valentine __12__ the Emperor and secretly married the young couples, he was put to death on February 14th, the __13__ of Lupercalia. After his death, Valentine became a __14__. Christian priests moved the holiday from the 15th to the 14th—Valentine’s Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine __15__ of Lupercus.
Valentine’s Day has become a major __16__ of love and romance in the modern world. The ancient god Cupid and his __17__ into a lover’s heart may still be used to __18__ falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts, such as flowers or jewelry, to do this. __19__ to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on Valentine’s Day can sometimes be as __20__ as forgetting a birthday or a wedding anniversary.
1.[A] While
2.[A] upon
3.[A] honor
5.[A] rolls
6.[A] cast
7.[A] given
8.[A] tells
9.[A] after
11.[A] other [B] When [B] back [B] belief [B] secrets [B] piles [B] caught [B] chosen [B] means [B] since [B] pleaded [B] simply
[B] defied [C] Though [C] off [C] hand [C] names [C] works [C] drew [C] elected [C] makes [C] as
[D] Unless [D] away [D] way [D] intentions [D] slips [D] found [D] delivered [D] has [D] from [D] believed [D] all [D] dishonored [D] eve 4.[A] problems 10.[A] ordered 12.[A] disliked [C] envisioned [C] rather [C] defeated 13.[A] celebration [B] arrangement[C] feast
14.[A] goat
16.[A] part
17.[A] story [B] saint [B] made [B] wander
[B] require [C] model [C] instead [C] arrow [C] demand [D] weapon [D] learnt [D] symbol [D] play [D] alert
[D] Forgetting
[D] retorting 15.[A] because [B] representative[C] judgement 18.[A] portray 19.[A] Keeping
[B] Disapproving[C] Supporting 20.[A] constructive [B] damaging [C] reinforcing
答案
1. B
11. C
总体分析
本文介绍了情人节的由来。 2. A 12.B 3.A 13.D 4.C 14.B 5.D 15.C 6.C 16.D 7.B 17.C 8.D 9.A 18.A 19D. 10.A 20. B
第一段介绍情人节的前身牧神节以及该节日里抽签选恋人的庆祝活动。
第二段介绍情人节是为了纪念一位罗马牧师。
第三段指出情人节已经成为爱的主要象征。
试题精解
1.[精解]本题考查连词用法辨析。空格处填入的连词应反映空格所在分句和下一句之间的逻辑关系。四个选项,while表时间或让步,意为“当??的时候”或“虽然,尽管”;when表时间,意为“当??的时候”;though表让步,意为“尽管,虽然”;unless表条件,意为“除非”。根据文意,两个分句之间是时间关系,因此需要在while和when之间选择。when既可指一段时间,也可指一个时间点,既可表示持续的动作,也可表示一时性的动作;while则只能表示持续性的动作或状态。如:When she comes,(指一个时间点,不能用while)I shall tell her to wait for you.(她来的时候我会叫她等你的。)When Jim was reading,(指一段时间,可用while)Jack was writing.(吉姆阅读的时候,杰克在写东西。)空格所在分句中的动作roamed不是持续性的动作,只能用when,[B]正确。
2.[精解]本题考查短语动词辨析。空格处填入的介词或副词与call构成短语动词,接sb. to do sth.作复合宾语。符合要求的是[A],call upon sb. to do sth.意为“请求/要求某人做某事”,如:We call on every friend to support the plan.(我们请求每一位朋友支持这项计划。)call back意为“回电话;叫(某人)回去”,如:She was about to leave when her secretary called her back.(她正要离开突然秘书叫她回去。)call off意为“取消,停止进行”,一般接sth.作宾语,如:call off a deal/trip(取消交易/旅行)。call away意为“叫走,叫到别处去”,如:He was called away by his friends.(他被朋友叫走了。)
3.[精解] 本题考查固定短语。不存在in sb’s belief的搭配,所以首先排除[B]。其它项构成的固定搭配是:in sb.’s/sth.’s honor意为“向??表示敬意”,其形式也可以是in honor of sb./sth.,如:a ceremony in honor of those killed in the explosion(为纪念爆炸中的死难者所
举行的仪式)。in sb’s hands意为“受某人照料,被某人控制”,如:The matter is now in my lawyer’s hands.(这件事现在由我律师处理。)in sb’s way意为“以某人特有的方式”或“挡某人的路”,如:She does love you in her (own) way.(她的确是以她特有的方式爱你。)You’ll have to move—you’re in my way.(你得挪一挪,你挡了我的路。)根据文意,应选[A],表示“向他(即,牧神卢帕克斯)表示敬意”。
4.[精解]本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。从空格所在的句子起到本段末为一个意群,其内容是关于抽签选恋人的活动。由本段末句的name可知,本题应选[C],表示“女孩的名字被写在纸上”。其它项,[A]问题,[B]秘密,[D]意图,都不符合上下文文意。
5.[精解]本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。空格处填入名词,与of paper搭配。rolls of sth.意为“卷”,如:rolls of carpet/film(几卷地毯/胶卷)。piles of sth.意为“成堆的东西”或“大量的东西”,如:piles of dirty washing(成堆待洗的脏衣服),piles of work(大量的工作)。works意为“著作,作品;工厂”,不与paper搭配。slip本身意为“纸条,便条,小纸片”,它常与of paper搭配,还是表示“纸条”。由于下文即本段倒数第二句出现了a slip,根据文意,应选[D]。
6.[精解]本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。选项为四个动词的过去式形式。cast意为“(用力)投,掷,抛”,如:cast anchor(抛锚);catch意为“接住,拦住;捉住”,如:catch the keys as they fall(接住掉下来的钥匙),catch mice(捉老鼠);draw意为“抽(签,牌),抓(阄)”,如:He drew the winning ticket.(他抽到中奖彩券了。)find意为“发现”。根据文意,应表达“年轻男子从中抽出纸条”的含义,因此选[C]。
7.[精解]本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。选项为四个动词的过去分词形式,与was构成被动式。give意为“给”;choose意为“选择”;call意为“呼叫”;deliver意为“递送,传送”。由上文可知,“年轻男子抽出了写有女孩名字的纸条”,因此女孩的名字是被“选中”,[B]正确。
8.[精解]本题考查习惯搭配。Legend has it意为“据传说”,后面接宾语从句,是it替代的内容。又如:Legend has it that the lake was formed by the tears of a god.(据传说这个湖是一位神仙的眼泪积聚而成的。)因此,本题选[D]。
9.[精解]本题考查介词辨析。空格处填入一个介词,后面接名词短语a Roman priest,过去分词named Valentine作后置定语修饰priest。[A]after意为“模仿,依照”,如:We named the baby after her grandmother.(我们以婴儿祖母的名字给婴儿取名。)该用法符合文意,空格所在句子相当于Valentine’s Day was named after a Roman priest。其它项虽然都可作介词,since“自从”,as“作为”,from“从”,但不符合文意。
10.[精解]本题考查动词辨析。空格处填入的动词需接不定式的复合结构,即,sb. not to do sth.作宾语。符合要求的只有[A],order sb. to do sth.意为“命令/指挥/要求(某人做某事)”,如:The officer ordered them to fire.(军官命令他们开火。)从含义上判断也只有[A]正确。
其它项动词的用法:plead的搭配是plead with sb. to do“恳求(某人做某事)”,如:She pleaded with him not to go.(她恳求他不要离开。)envision意为“展望,想象”,一般只接sth.作宾语,如:envision an equal society(向往一个平等社会)。believe意为“相信”,可接sb.,
sth.或从句作宾语,但不接不定式,如:I don’t believe you.(我不相信你的话。)Don’t believe a word of it.(千万别相信那些话。)People used to believe that the earth was flat.(人们一度认为地球是平的。)
11.[精解]本题考查固定结构。would rather... than...意为“宁愿??而不愿”,rather和than后都接省略to的不定式,如:She would rather die than lose the children.(她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。)因此[C]为正确项。[A]other只能作形容词或代词,表示“别的,其他的”或“另一个人或事”,放入空格中不符合语法。[B]simply(仅仅)和[D]all(全部,都)可作副词,放入句中只能修饰stay home,而与后面的than无法呼应。
12.[精解]本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。选项中的四个动词分别是:dislike“不喜欢,厌恶”;defy“藐视,挑衅”;defeat“击败”;dishonor“使??蒙羞”。上文提到,“国王禁止士兵结婚”,而下文则提到,“瓦伦丁秘密让年轻人成婚”。显然,这是“藐视国王”的做法。正确项是[B]。
13.[精解]本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。空格部分“the of Lupercalia”与上文“February 14th”是同位语的关系。Lupercalia一词在第一段首句中出现,指“牧神节”。第一段第三句提到该节日的时间是2月15日。因此2月14日是该节日的前夕,故本题应选[D]eve。celebration意为“庆祝”;arrangement意为“安排”;feast意为“节日;宴会”。
14.[精解]本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。由下文可知,牧师们设定了一个专门的节日来纪念瓦伦丁,而不再纪念牧神。可见瓦伦丁变成了一个“圣人”,而不是“山羊”,“模范”或“武器”。因此,正确项是[B]saint。
15.[精解]本题考查固定短语。空格处填入的词与介词of搭配,连接两个并列的名词Valentine和Lupercus。[A]和[C]与of构成介词短语:because of意为“因为”,后面一般接原因,如:We win the game because of his participation.(由于他的参与,我们赢了比赛。)instead of意为“代替,而不是”,如:I gave him advice instead of money.(我给了他忠告,而不是钱。)[B]和[D]则构成了过去分词短语,(be) made of意为“由...构成”,如:Bread is chiefly made of flour.(面包主要由面粉做成。)learn of意为“听到,获悉”,如:I was sorry to learn of your illness.(听说你病了,我感�讲话病#┐佑锓ê秃迳戏弦蟮氖牵跜]instead。
16.[精解]本题考查名词辨析。[A]part作可数名词时,意为“部分,片断,一点”,[B]representative意为“代表”,这两个词都强调整体与部分之间的关系,如:We have done the difficult part of the job.(我们已完成了工作的困难部分。)The tiger is a representative of the cat family.(老虎是猫科动物的典型。) [C] judgement作可数名词时,意为“看法,意见,评价”,如:He refused to make a judgement of the situation.(他拒绝对形势作出评价。)symbol意为“象征”,如:White is a symbol of purity.(白色是纯洁的象征。)由下文可知,人们通过情人节的一些举动来表达爱意,因此它是爱的象征,应选择[D]symbol。
17.[精解]本题考查文化常识。god Cupid 指“爱神丘比特”,他手持具有爱情魔力的弓箭,被其射中者将坠入情网。因此本题应选[C]arrow。另外,从搭配上看,[A]story“故事,叙述”和[D]play“游戏,玩耍,比赛”都不与介词into搭配。[B]wander可与into搭配,意为“闲逛,游荡,流浪(进入某地)”,如:Cows and goats sometimes wander into
minefields, getting killed.(母牛和山羊有时游荡到矿区里而被杀死。)显然,[D]不符合文意。
18.[精解]本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。空格处填入动词,其主语是“爱神丘比特和他的箭”,宾语是“爱上某人或谈恋爱”。portray意为“描绘,描画;表现”;require意为“需要,要求”;demand意为“要求”;alert意为“向??报警,使警觉”。根据句意,应选[A]portray。
19.[精解]本题考查动词辨析。空格所在句子为全文的最后一句,其主干结构为__19__ to give flowers can be as... as forgetting a birthday。该句中有一个比较结构,因此相比较的事物应具有一定的可比性。首先从语法上看,能接不定式作宾语的只有[D]forget,如:He forgot to pay me.(他忘了付给我钱。)keep一般接动名词作宾语,如:keep smiling(继续保持笑容)。disapprove接of sth./sb.作宾语,如:He strongly disapproved of the changes.(他强烈反对变革。)support接sb./sth.作宾语,如:support a proposal/people with AIDS(拥护一项提议/援助爱滋病患者)。其次,forgetting一词在下文中也出现,含义上出现了呼应。
20.[精解]本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。空格处应填入形容词,构成“as+形容词+as”的同级比较结构。因此,该形容词说明的是上文“在圣瓦伦丁节忘记给妻子或恋人送花”和下文“忘记生日或结婚纪念日”共同的特点。constructive意为“建设性的,有益的,积极的”,如:constructive criticism/suggestion/advice(建设性的批评/提议/忠告)。damaging意为“造成破坏的,有害的”,如:damaging consequences(破坏性的后果)。reinforcing是动词reinforce“加强,充实;加固”的现在分词,retorting是动词retort“反驳,回嘴”的现在分词,一般都不作形容词用。 根据文意,该特点是负面性的,消极的,因此,[B]为正确项。
全文翻译
圣瓦伦丁节(即,情人节)可能源自古罗马的牧神节。当凶猛的狼群在四周游荡时,古老的罗马人请求牧神卢帕克斯来帮助他们。一个向该神表达敬意的节日于2月15日举行。在这个节日的前夕女孩们的名字被写在纸条上并放入罐中。每位年轻的男子都抽一张纸条,被抽中名字的女孩在未来一年中将成为他的恋人。
传说这个节日之所以成为圣瓦伦丁节是为了纪念一位名叫瓦伦丁的罗马牧师。国王克劳底斯二世命令罗马士兵不得结婚或订婚。克劳底斯认为结了婚的士兵更愿意留守家中而不是上战场。当瓦伦丁违抗了国王的意愿,秘密让年轻人成了婚之后,他于2月14日即牧神节的前夕被处决。瓦伦丁死后,成了圣徒。基督教会牧师们将这个节日从15日改为14日,即,圣瓦伦丁节。现在这个节日纪念的是瓦伦丁而再不是牧神卢帕克斯。
圣瓦伦丁节在现代世界里已经成为爱和浪漫的一个主要象征。古代的爱神丘比特和他射入爱人心中的箭也许仍然被用来表现爱上某人或谈恋爱。但是我们也使用卡片和礼物,比如鲜花或珠宝来做同样的事情。在圣瓦伦丁节忘记给妻子或恋人送花有时能像忘记生日或结婚纪念日一样糟糕。
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
篇二:考研英语张剑黄皮书真题使用大全
凯程考研集训营,为学生引路,为学员服务!
考研英语张剑黄皮书真题使用大全 张剑的这本真题解析我是全程都在用的,确实还不错,但也有些地方不太让我满意,现在我把这本书做个详细的分析,打算用的同学可以参考一下,觉得它有问题的同学也可以在挑选其他书的时候避免这本书的一些不足。当然还是要说纯属我个人观点,我觉得它好或者不好纯粹出自我的主观感受。正文的图片都是我从pdf里截的,是一个影印的版本,不知出自何处,我就不注明了。我好像也注不明~
首先看一下目录,它的大致体例就是按照题型分成几个大类,每种题型下又按年份排列,所以每个题型都是集中介绍的,这样有利有弊,利就是方便针对某个题型比较分析出题思路,看出近年的变化,弊则是没法进行模拟,当然如果14的还附那本小册子就没这问题了。
好,接下来看具体内容。每篇完形或者阅读都会有一个总述,主要讲这篇文章出自哪里,讲了什么,很简练,我推荐要好好看看这里,要熟悉大概的选文范围,你看到的真题文章都是什么类型一目了然。
基本分成了四大类,
我想各位看到就会明白了,选文不是什么都选的,还是很有规律的。你可以按照这个分类去练习,也可以就按照年份,看自己喜好了。但一定记得要去适应大部分选文的普遍思维方式,那些题源杂志、报刊都是正经的,不会来个什么“传XX与XX热恋,视频曝光”、“《青春雷锋》获群众普遍好评,票房爆涨”之类的。我认为在看文章的时候一定要多去关注作者的思维方式和价值取向,很可能和我们平时所见有所差异,不要想当然地认定文章就是某个意思。
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篇三:2011张剑考研英语模拟题1
ng text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd., one of the six companies, created out of the privatized national railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth__1__, its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations__2__is drawing interest.
In a plan called “Station Renaissance” that it__3__in November, JR East said that it would__4__using its commercial spaces for shops and restaurants, extending them to__5__more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up__6__for such goods as books, flowers and groceries__7__over the Internet. In a country where city__8__depend heavily on trains__9__commuting, about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway, the company __10__. So, picking up commodities at train stations__11__consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station__12__stores for this purpose, but it plans to create__13__spaces for the delivery of Internet goods.
The company also plans to introduce __14__cards—known in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit for__15__information__16__ train tickets and commuter passes__17__the magnetic ones used today, integrating them into a/an __18__pass. This will save the company money, because__19__for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also__20__the space needed for ticket vending.
1.[A]perspectives 3.[A]displayed 5.[A]applications 6.[A]districts 7.[A]acuired 8.[A]lodgers 9.[A]for
[B]outlooks
[C]prospects [C]embarked [C]functions [C]resorts [C]presided [C]dwellers [C]of
[D]spectacles [D]unveiled [D]performances [D]locations [D]attained [D]boarders [D]as [D]speculates [D]exempts [D]dedicated [D]intelligent [D]accommodating [D]of
2.[A]creatively [B]originally 4.[A]go beyond [B]set out
[B]vicinities [B]purchased [B]tenants [B]in
[B]exhibits [B]retrieves
[C]authentically [D]initially [C]come around [D]spread over
[B]demonstrated [B]enterprises
10.[A]figures 11.[A]deprives
[C]convinces
[C]spares [C]devoted [C]ingenious [C]holding
12.[A]conjunction [B]convenience [C]department
delegated [B]designated 14.[A]cl [D]ornament 13.[A]
《2016张剑考研英语模拟题答案》出自:百味书屋
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