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?? 11031154
???? ????????????
???? ?????
2012?12?11?
??................................................................................................................................1
Abstract ..........................................................................................................................1
1 ????....................................................................................................................2
1.1??????????............................................................................................2
1.2?????????????................................................................................2
1.2?????????????................................................................................3
1.3????????????....................................................................................4
2 ????.................................................................................................................... 5
3 ??????.............................................................................................................5
3.1??????????............................................................................................5
3.2????????????????....................................................................5
3.3????................................................................................................................... 5
4 ??????............................................................................................................ 5
4.1??????........................................................................................................... 5
4.1??????........................................................................................................... 6
4.2????????................................................................................................... 6
4.3??????........................................................................................................... 6
4.3??????........................................................................................................... 7
5 ??????............................................................................................................ 7
6 ??????............................................................................................................ 8
6.1?d??????..................................................................................................... 8
6.2???????....................................................................................................... 8
6.3????................................................................................................................... 8
6.4???????????........................................................................................8
7 ???????........................................................................................................ 9
7.1????????................................................................................................... 9
7.2??????............................................................................................................9
7.3???????........................................................................................................9
8 ???????........................................................................................................ 9
9 ?????????????????................................................................ 10
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????
Abstract
By Michelson interferometer observation light amplitude split tine interference phenomenon, data collection and processing, calculated from the measured laser wavelength, and the calculation results of the uncertainty of the careful analysis. According to the experimental data, the error source of quantitative analysis, and summarizes the experience and methods of experimental instrument regulation. Finally, according to our own practical experiences, we give out the improvement for the experiment of constructive views.
Key words: Michelson interferometer; wavelength; error; experiment improvement.
1 ????
1.1??????????
????????????1??????S???????????G1??????
?????????G1?????????
?????M2??????G1??????
??M1??G1???????M1?M2??
45????????????M1?M2??
?M2???????????????M1?
???????????????????
?????E??????????????
??????G2?G1??????????
G1??????????????????
????
???M1?????M2???????
???????????????????M1?M2?????3??????????
????M1??????2??????????????????M1????????????????M1?
??1???????M1?M1?G1?????????????????????????????M1?M2???????????????????????M2?M1??????????????????M1?M2????????????????????????????????M1?M2???????????????????????
1.2?????????????
??2???M2??M1????d????S
????????M2?????S????????
?SG=SG?????E????????????
M2??????S??????S2?????
SM2=M2S2????????G????M1???
???M1?????????E????????
?S???S1??????E??????????
??????????S1?S2?????????
??????????????E????????
???????????????????????
???????????S1?S2????????
???????????????S1?S2????
????E???E??ES2=L??????????
E???????P?EP????R????????
??
?L?
L??d?L?2d?2?R?2L?R 2222?????????d/L ???
?L?2Ld/
L?d22?
2dcos?
??? ???????????????????
2dcos??k? (k?0,1,2,?)
??????????????????????????
??d????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??d?????????0??????????????????????2d?????????????k??????????0???????cos????k????????????????????k????
??k????????d??????cos????????????????????k?????d???????????????????????????????d?????????????????????????????????????N?????????2?d?N????,?d?d????????
??2?d/N
????0??????k0??
k0?2d/?
??????????????????????????????????????????????k???
k??
???????????????? 2d?cos??
?k?k0?k??2d?(1?cos??)
?d?????????????????????????
??d?0????k?0,????????????????????????????? ??d?????????????????
2dcos?k?k?
???????????????????
???????????
????????
???? ??
?? 11031154
???? ????????????
???? ?????
2012?12?11?
??................................................................................................................................1
Abstract ..........................................................................................................................1
1 ????....................................................................................................................2
1.1??????????............................................................................................2
1.2?????????????................................................................................2
1.2?????????????................................................................................3
1.3????????????....................................................................................4
2 ????.................................................................................................................... 5
3 ??????.............................................................................................................5
3.1??????????............................................................................................5
3.2????????????????....................................................................5
3.3????................................................................................................................... 5
4 ??????............................................................................................................ 5
4.1??????........................................................................................................... 5
4.1??????........................................................................................................... 6
4.2????????................................................................................................... 6
4.3??????........................................................................................................... 6
4.3??????........................................................................................................... 7
5 ??????............................................................................................................ 7
6 ??????............................................................................................................ 8
6.1?d??????..................................................................................................... 8
6.2???????....................................................................................................... 8
6.3????................................................................................................................... 8
6.4???????????........................................................................................8
7 ???????........................................................................................................ 9
7.1????????................................................................................................... 9
7.2??????............................................................................................................9
7.3???????........................................................................................................9
8 ???????........................................................................................................ 9
9 ?????????????????................................................................ 10
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????
Abstract
By Michelson interferometer observation light amplitude split tine interference phenomenon, data collection and processing, calculated from the measured laser wavelength, and the calculation results of the uncertainty of the careful analysis. According to the experimental data, the error source of quantitative analysis, and summarizes the experience and methods of experimental instrument regulation. Finally, according to our own practical experiences, we give out the improvement for the experiment of constructive views.
Key words: Michelson interferometer; wavelength; error; experiment improvement.
1 ????
1.1??????????
????????????1??????S???????????G1??????
?????????G1?????????
?????M2??????G1??????
??M1??G1???????M1?M2??
45????????????M1?M2??
?M2???????????????M1?
???????????????????
?????E??????????????
??????G2?G1??????????
G1??????????????????
????
???M1?????M2???????
???????????????????M1?M2?????3??????????
????M1??????2??????????????????M1????????????????M1?
??1???????M1?M1?G1?????????????????????????????M1?M2???????????????????????M2?M1??????????????????M1?M2????????????????????????????????M1?M2???????????????????????
1.2?????????????
??2???M2??M1????d????S
????????M2?????S????????
?SG=SG?????E????????????
M2??????S??????S2?????
SM2=M2S2????????G????M1???
???M1?????????E????????
?S???S1??????E??????????
??????????S1?S2?????????
??????????????E????????
???????????????????????
???????????S1?S2????????
???????????????S1?S2????
????E???E??ES2=L??????????
E???????P?EP????R????????
?? ?L?L?2d2?R2?L2?R2
L??d?????????d2/L2 ???
?L?2Ld/L2?d2?
2dco?s
??? ???????????????????
2dcos??k? (k?0,1,2,?)
??????????????????????????
??d????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??d?????????0??????????????????????2d??
?0???????cos????k?????????????k?????????
??????????????????k????
??k????????d??????cos????????????????????k?????d???????????????????????????????d?????????????????????????????????????N?????????2?d?N????,?d?d????????
??2?d/N
????0??????k0??
k0?2d/?
??????????????????????????????????????????????k???
k??
???????????????? 2d?cos??
?k?k0?k??2d?(1?cos??)
?d?????????????????????????
??d?0????k?0,????????????????????????????? ??d?????????????????
2dcos?k?k?
????????????????-??????
???????????
??????
Michelson interferometer
Author ???? School number????
Institute???? 2013 ?12 ?3 ?
??
?? .................................................................................................................................................. 1 ?.???? ...................................................................................................................................... 2 ?. ???? .................................................................................................................................... 2 ?.???? ...................................................................................................................................... 2
1.???????? ................................................................................................................ 2 ?. ???? .................................................................................................................................... 5
1.???????????? ................................................................................................ 5 2.?????? ........................................................................................................................ 5 ?. ???? .................................................................................................................................... 6
1.???? ................................................................................................................................ 6 2.?????? ........................................................................................................................ 7 3. ?????? ..................................................................................................................... 7 5.????? ............................................................................................................................ 7 ???????????????????????? ................................................... 8
1. ???? ............................................................................................................................. 8
1.1 ?? ............................................................................................................................ 8 1.2 ???? .................................................................................................................. 10 1.3 ????? .............................................................................................................. 10 1.3 ???????????? .................................................................................. 10
?????????????? ................................................................................................. 11
????????? ..................................................................................................... 11 ????????? ..................................................................................................... 12 ??????????? ............................................................................................. 12 ?? ??? ................................................................................................................................... 12 ????......................................................................................................................................... 13
???????? ???????????
??
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????
Abstract
This article first describes how to observe the light interference, collect and processing data , calculate the wavelength of the laser and its uncertainty in the Michelson interferometer experiment. Then it thinks about the improvements in the experimental laboratory instruments through personal experience, and outlines what can be done in terms of fringe counting improvements to make the process more simple and the experimental data more accurately.
Key words: Michelson interferometer, fringe counting
???????? ???????????
? 1 ? ? 15 ?
?.????
?1???????????????????????????????? ?2?????????????????????????????
?. ????
????????He-Ne ?????????
?.????
????????l883 ????????????A.A.Michelson?????E.W.Morley?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????????????
1.????????
???????????????3-16-1 ?3-16-2 ???M1?M2 ??????????????M1 ????????M2 ?????????G1?G2 ??????????????????????M1?M2 ??45??G1 ???????????????A????????????????????????????G1 ???????
???G1 ???????????????????????1???M1??M1 ??????G2??G1 ??????????E?????2???M2??M2 ????
??G1 ??E??????2??????G1 ???????1????G1 ?????G2???????????????????????????????????????????????????G2 ???????????E ??G1 ?????????M2 ????M1 ??M1?????1???2???????M2 ?M1???????????????????????M1??M2 ?????????????????M2 ?????????????????????2????????M2 ?????????????????????5?????????????????3?????0.01mm????????1?
???????? ???????????
? 2 ? ? 15 ?
???????????????110-4mm?????10-5mm?M1?M2 ????3 ?????????M1 ?M2 ???????????????????15?????????16??????
2. ???????????
????He-Ne??????????3-16-3???????????L?????????????S??????????????????M2?M2???????? ?????S1??S2?????????S??S????????????A??????S1??S??M1???????S2??S??M2????????3-16-3???????????????????????????????????????????
??????M2?M1????????????????S1??S2?????????????????????????????S1?S2????????P0????3-16-4????P0??????=2d????????P??P????????
?3-16-1?
???????? ??????????? ? 3 ? ? 15 ?
?????????????????????????
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发表于 2019-9-13 23:46:11